Diaphragms
Contraceptive caps and diaphragms are barrier methods of birth control that are slightly different but work in similar ways.
A diaphragm is a shallow latex dome that fits inside a woman’s vagina. It works by covering the cervix and surrounding area and preventing sperm from passing into the uterus (womb) and fertilising the egg. It is usually used with spermicide gel that kills sperm on contact.
How effective are diaphragms?
Most women can use a diaphragm however, because they work by covering the cervix, anything that prevents them from fitting properly will make them less effective. A diaphragm may not be suitable for you if:
- you have an unusual shaped cervix
- you can’t reach your cervix (this feels like a hard bump inside your vagina)
- you have weak vaginal muscles (perhaps from giving birth)
- you are allergic to latex or spermicide
- you have a vaginal infection
- you have multiple sexual partners
When you visit a Devon Sexual Health clinic you can chat with your doctor or nurse and they will be able to give you advice about the best form of contraception for you.
Where can I get a diaphragm?
You can get a cap or a diaphragm from your nearest Devon Sexual Health clinic. You can book an appointment with us, or enquire about an appointment with your GP who may also be able to review you.
Are there any side effects?
There are not usually any side effects associated with the diaphragm as a form of contraception. Occasionally some people may be allergic to latex or spermicide and occasionally they can cause cystitis (a bladder infection). It is really important to remember that the diaphragm cannot prevent sexually transmitted infections STIs.
What happens when you get a diaphragm fitted?
A specially trained doctor or nurse will have a chat with you about your sexual history, your health and what will work best for you and your lifestyle. If a diaphragm is a good option for you, they will give you a quick examination to see what size you will need. They will then show you how to apply spermicide and how to fit it, so that it is in the right place and working effectively.
We will probably ask you to come back, with your diaphragm fitted, for a check-up.
Pros & Cons
- There are no side effects
- You only need to put it in when you are going to have sex
- You can put it in at a convenient time before sex (more than 3 hours and you need to apply extra spermicide)
- It’s not as effective as other forms of contraception
- You need to learn how to use it properly
- You need to remember / stop and fit it before having sex
- It does not protect against STIs
Frequently asked questions about
Caps and Diaphragms
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Can I use a diaphragm or cap during my period?
No, it is recommended that you don’t, in order to prevent against toxic shock syndrome.
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Will a diaphragm or cap protect me against STIs?
No a diaphragm or cap will not protect you against sexually transmitted infections. If you have a new partner or are unsure about your partner’s sexual history, then you need to use a male or female condom. You could also book a check-up for you both.
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How often should I replace my diaphragm or cap?
If you take care of your diaphragm or cap they should last for a year. If it comes into contact with any oil based products or you are unsure about its effectiveness then come in and get a new one.
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Can I have a bath or go swimming with my diaphragm or cap in?
No. You have to be careful not to dislodge the cap or diaphragm of wash off the spermicide, so it’s better to put your diaphragm or cap in afterwards. You should avoid having a bath or swimming for 6 hours after sex. Have a shower instead.
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How do I clean my diaphragm or cap?
You can clean your diaphragm or cap by washing it gently with un-perfumed soap and water. Leave it to dry and then store it in its case. Do not wash in boiling water or in a dish washer as this can affect the latex and make it less effective as a means of contraception.
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How long after sex is it safe to remove my diaphragm or cap?
You need to keep your diaphragm in for at least six hours after having sex, otherwise you may still get pregnant.
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Will my partner be able to feel the diaphragm or cap when we have sex?
It’s possible, and for this reason it is recommended that you try out the diaphragm or cap whilst using another form of contraception such as a condom. This will give you and your partner the opportunity to see what works best for you.